More than a dozen countries, including Malta, Germany, Canada, France, and New Zealand, have banned conversion therapy nationwide.

On March 31, 2026, the Supreme Court ruled 8 to 1 in Chiles v. Salazar that Colorado's ban on "conversion therapy" for minors must face the strictest free speech review, with Justice Jackson the lone dissent.

Twenty-two states and Washington, D.C. fully bar licensed providers from subjecting minors to conversion therapy. A handful of other states restrict it partway, and the rest have no law.

The Supreme Court's Chiles v. Salazar ruling struck down Colorado's blanket ban on licensed talk-based conversion counseling. It did not touch malpractice law or licensing board discipline.

Chiles v. Salazar addressed a counselor's free speech rights, not a parent's legal authority. Parents were never a party to the case.

The American Psychological Association filed an amicus brief in Chiles v. Salazar in August 2025, arguing conversion efforts are unsupported by evidence and can cause real harm.